International human rights organizations have reported dire economic and health conditions. As of 2021, over 900,000 Rohingya remain in Bangladesh’s refugee camps. Hundreds of thousands of Rohingya subsequently fled Myanmar. The separatist Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA) had earlier claimed responsibility for attacks against Myanmar police and army posts, and Myanmar’s military subsequently launched a scorched earth campaign against the Rohingya population, burning entire villages and raping and torturing civilians. In August of 2017, an estimated 745,000 Rohingya fled Myanmar’s Rakhine State to escape a genocidal campaign spearheaded by the military. For the Rohingya, this means that Beijing is reluctant to acknowledge any wrongdoing on the part of the Myanmar military, leaving the Rohingya with few allies and an inert international process. Foreign criticism of China’s repression in Xinjiang gives Beijing an incentive to resist humanitarian intervention on principle to avoid the establishment of an international precedent, particularly when it is an intervention to address the oppression of ethnic and religious minorities such as the Rohingya. This follows longstanding policy in Beijing emphasizing the importance of asserting sovereignty and noninterference norms. This status quo is partially the result of diplomatic influence from China.īeijing made its position clear from the start of the Rohingya crisis, underscoring the need to respect Myanmar’s sovereignty and opposing humanitarian and political intervention. efforts to pressure Myanmar to guarantee their safe and voluntary return over the past few years.
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